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High-Risk Pregnancy

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What is a high-risk pregnancy?

All pregnancies carry risks. The definition of a high-risk pregnancy is any pregnancy that carries increased health risks for you, the fetus or both. People with high-risk pregnancies may need extra medical care before, during and after they give birth. This helps to reduce the possibility and severity of complications.

But having a pregnancy that's considered high risk doesn't mean you or the fetus will have health problems. Many people experience healthy pregnancies and normal labor and delivery despite having special health needs leading up to the birth.

It can be easy to panic and worry when you hear your pregnancy care provider say your pregnancy is at a higher risk. You're not alone. It doesn't mean your pregnancy will automatically be difficult. It may just mean your pregnancy care team watches you more closely. Trust your healthcare team's recommendations and ask them for help managing your feelings. Many people have high-risk pregnancies, and most end in healthy babies. Routine prenatal care can help ensure your pregnancy is safe, even if it's high risk.

High-Risk Pregnancy

Symptoms of High-Risk Pregnancy

Signs and symptoms depend on the underlying condition. Your provider may label the pregnancy high risk based on medical history, not always on current symptoms.

High blood pressure or swelling
Vaginal bleeding or leaking
Severe nausea or abdominal pain
Decreased fetal movement
Preterm labour signs

Causes of High-Risk Pregnancy

A pregnancy is high risk when the mother, fetus, or both have a higher-than-average chance of complications.

Preexisting conditions (diabetes, hypertension, thyroid, obesity, PCOS)
Pregnancy-related conditions (gestational diabetes, preeclampsia, placental issues)
Lifestyle factors
Multiple gestation
Advanced maternal age

Diagnosis of High-Risk Pregnancy

Your provider will assess risk at the first visit and throughout pregnancy.

Medical history and physical examination
Blood tests and glucose screening
Ultrasound and fetal monitoring
Blood pressure and urine checks
Consultation with specialists when needed

Treatment for High-Risk Pregnancy

Care is tailored to the specific risk factors.

More frequent prenatal visits and monitoring
Medication to manage blood pressure, diabetes, or other conditions
Lifestyle and diet guidance
Early delivery planning when indicated
Consultation with maternal-fetal medicine (MFM) specialists

How High-Risk Pregnancy Affects Fertility

High-risk pregnancy does not mean you or the baby will have problems. With appropriate care, many high-risk pregnancies result in healthy babies. The label helps your team monitor you more closely and reduce complications.

Managing High-Risk Pregnancy

Follow your care plan and attend all appointments. Report any new symptoms promptly.

Regular prenatal care and specialist follow-up
Healthy diet and weight management
Blood pressure and glucose monitoring as advised
Avoid smoking, alcohol, and unnecessary medications